Confidence marking: Its use in testing

Recognition confidence scoring and its use in speech understanding systems

In this paper we present an approach to recognition confidence scoring and a set of techniques for integrating confidence scores into the understanding and dialogue components of a speech understanding system. The recognition component uses a multi-tiered approach where confidence scores are computed at the phonetic, word, and utterance levels. The scores are produced by extracting confidence f...

how can a novel molecular diagnostic assay instill confidence in researchers and encourage its future use?

Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis Testing.∗

If you have just two discrete hypotheses, then a hypothesis test is simply an application of Bayes’ Theorem. You check to see whether your data can reasonably be explained by that boring old null hypothesis (conventionally called H0), or not. To test H0, you need to compare it to one other model. One never tests a hypothesis in isolation; it is tested against an alternative (typically called H1...

Significance Testing and Confidence Intervals

probabilities, it can be determined that combining the probability values of 0.11 and 0.07 results in a probability value of 0.045. Therefore, these two nonsignificant findings taken together result in a significant finding. Although there is never a statistical basis for concluding that an effect is exactly zero, a statistical analysis can demonstrate that an effect is most likely small. This ...

Informative simultaneous confidence intervals in hierarchical testing.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In clinical trials involving multiple tests it is often difficult to obtain informative simultaneous confidence intervals (SCIs). In particular in hierarchical testing, no quantification of effects is possible for the first tested (and most important) hypothesis after its rejection. Our goal is a construction of SCIs that are always informative. METHODS We present an...